Objective-ancient india

Objective-ancient india

·         Posadha-fast in jainism at a place paryusana.It is recommended for 8 days for the Swetambaras and 15 days for digambaras

·         Bhagvati sutra is a jain canonical work

·         Chakravartin,Sushama-dushama all are Jain concepts

·         Syadvad amd nyayavad together are known as anekatavad..

·         Parsvanath hailed from Benaras

·         Uposotha-fast in Buddhism and upasampada-initial conversion to buddhism

·         Pancha sila is a buddhist concept

·         Ajita founded ucchetabada and charbak founded lokayatabada

·         According to jainism there are 63 salaka purusha and 12 chakrabortins

·         The hymn of vajrayana sect was "Om mani padme hum".Tantricism is its part

·         Followers of mahasanghika-andhraka

·         asanga hailed from peshawar

·         Nagarjuna was a friend of Gautamiputra satakarni

·         Manjusri mulakalpya and guhyasamaja belong to tantricism

·         Kalamukha sect flourished in Karnataka

·         Mogapalli Tissa wrote kathavattu a work on Dipavamsa

·         Mahayana sect flourished in Central Asia,China and Japan, Sarvastivadin in Mathura and Kashmir whereas Hinayana in SE Asia

·         Vaja chaitya was circular

·         Vasa-retreat of buddhist monks in rain

Tithankaras Cognizance Sasandevata

Adinath Bull Chankreswari

Aristanemi Conchshell Ambika

Neminath Blue Lotus Gandhari

Parsvanath Snake Padmavati

Mahavira Lion Siddhyaika

·         Samvutavijaya was the first great pontiff after Mahavira

·         Nagarjuna founded Madhyamik karika or Sunyavada

·         Bhadrabahu wrote kalpasutra

·         Chedasutra and mulasutra parts of jainism

·         Mahakashyapa founded mahasanhika

·         Tirthankaras were known as ford makers

·         Asanga founded Yogachara school and wrote sutralankar and yogachatabhumishastra

·         Utsarpini or period of improvement and avsarpini or period of decline are parts of Jainism

·         Mahakacchayan of Avanti founded Theravada.Its text in sanskrit

·         Names of 22nd and 23rd Tirthankara Arishtanemi and Parsvanath can be found in Vishnu Purana and Bhagavat Purana

·         Rahulvadra founded sarvastivada

·         Buddha intended to visit Asita, and meet his former teachers, Alara Kalama and Uddaka Ramaputta to explain his findings, but they had already died.

·         Buddha's first sermon at sarnath

·         Located on the fringes of Sravasti is the Jetavana Vihara, the monastery where the Buddha delivered the maximum number of sermons. Here the Anandabodhi tree stands as an eternal witness to the vicissitudes of history. This sacred tree was brought as a cutting from the Bodhi tree in Anuradhapura in Sri Lanka, which itself grew from a sapling of the original Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya.

·         Shramana- ascetics of unorthodox sects

·         Khuddaka Nikaya of Sutta pitaka contains Therigatha, jataka, Theragatha, Dhammapada and suttanipatta

·         Vaipulya sutra,prajna paramita,sadharma pudharika,gnadha vyuha and avatamsaka belong to Buddhism

·         Abhinava gupta founded Trika a form of saivism in Kashmir

·         Syadvada or mayness is a reality has close affinity to Samkhya system

·         Devadhi kshamasharana presided over the 2nd jain council held at vallabhi

·         Maitryeanath wrote Vigyanavada

·         Protima or Gnanasthana-11 stages to attain Kaivalya

·  Guptas belonged to Dharana gotra

·  Pushyavarman, a Kamprupa ruler placed as the ruler of North eastern part of the empire

·  The poetic work"Krishna Charitam" is supposed to have been written by Samudragupta and for his poetic brilliance he got the title"Kaviraja"

·  Some of the famous inscriptions of Kumaragupta were Bilsad, Damodarpur,Karmandaka ,Mandasore

·  The Eran insciption(510 AD)is the first reference to Sati in India

·  Yashodharman of Malwa defeated Mihirkula who then retreated to Kashmir and there he embraced Shaivism

·  Apart from Chandragupta II Skandagupta also took the title Vikramaditya

·  Samudragupta and Skandagupta both performed ashwamedha yajna

·  Rulers after Skandagupta Purugupta-Buddhagupta-Vanyagupta-Bhanugupta-Narasimhagupta-KumaraguptaII-Vishnugupta

·  Aprahata-Forest land

·  Nivi Dharma-Land endowment in perpetuity

·  Talavataka was village accountant

·  According to Visakhadutta Vasana the saka ruler killed Ramagupta

·  Allhabad pillar inscription is the first epigraphic evidence of zero

·  The term Bhukti first apeared in the Bhojdeva inscription of Gwalior

·  Tadaga was a reservoir

·  Audrangika collected the King's share in kind

·  Nivartana, Dronavapa, Kulavapa were all units of measurement

·  Total 42 inscriptions of this age are found with maximum belonging to Kumaragupta

·  The great boar image was installed at the gate of Udaygiri

·  Kumaragupta is said to have embraced Buddhism towards the end of his reign

·  Samudragupta sent an embassy to China in 361 AD and Skandagupta sent an embassy to China

·  Mahapratihara was the palace guard

·  Gadhiya was a series of coins during this period

·  Fields owned by cultivators themselves were known as Kutumba Kshetra

·  Dandin wrote Dasakumaracharita

·  Bhattin wrote Ravanabadha

·  According to T'sing Srigupta built a temple for the chinese pilgrims at Mrigashikhavahana

·  Toramana was converted to jainism

·  Earliest evidence of temple prostitution in India, Ramgarh inscription

·  Narada smriti talks about 15 kinds of slaves

·  Drangik-Official for collection of custom duties

·  Yajnavalka Smriti was the official lawbook of the Guptas

·  Kulika-Guild of artisans

·        
Karaikal , the greatest Chola ruler transferred the capital to Kaveripattinam and he converted the Oliyar community from nomadic to settled life.He also fought a battle at Reuni

·         Perunarkilli,the Chola ruler was the only Chola king to perform Rajsuya yajna

·         Nedunjelian, the Pandya ruler was the hero of Silpapadikaram and he defeated Chola and Chera rulers in the battle of Talaiyangam

·         Ahom was the story of love whereas Puram was the story of battles

·         Thirunavukkarasu coined the term Sangam

·         Thirukural, written by Thiruvaluvar is known as the Bible of the Tamil land and also the 5th Veda

·         Senguttuvan, the Red Chera started Pattini cult was known as Kodal Pirakottiyama and he destroyed the efficacy of sea as a refuge

·         Tolakappiyam was a book on grammer

·         Kadimaram or kavalaram was the worship of tutelary tree

·         Perundevanar translated Mahabharata into Tamil

·         Tamil is the oldest Dravidian language

·         Tolakappiyam is the earliest Tamil literary work extant today

·         Sati or Tippaidal was common

·         Kuppidu-Unit of measurement

·         Nalikal-Unit of time

·         Kalam-Unit of grain

·         Kanam-Gold

·         Velli-Silver

·         Velvi-yajna

·         Kadamai-King's customary tax

·         Variyam-Land yielding tax

·         Variyar-Tax collecting official

·         Alakkus or Ulakku- Revenue measurement

·         Pattinapattu-A work on Kaveripattanam

·         Kalabhras rose against the Brahmins and ended the Sangam period

·         Tirumal was the name of Vishnu

·         Kalanju was a type of gold coin

·         Korkai was known as Kolchi and Mahabalipuram as Melange

·         Malayalam is the latest Dravidian language

·         Spy was known as Orrayiar

·         Nadukkal or virakkal was hero stone

·         Alumbi Vel was revenue accountant

·         Bhasa's Swapnovasavdutta was the earliest Sanskrit drama

·         Earliest evidence of Vishti was in Bhagvata Purana

·         Ritusamhara was the earliest work of Kalidasa

·         Kumardasa wrote Janakiharana

·         Chronlogical order of some Puranas: Manu-Brihaspati-Narada-Katyana-Vayu-Devala

·         Auranasthanika-Officers in charge of wool market during the Gupta period

·         Navaniketan-a book on medicine

·         Vatsvatta wrote the famous Mandasore inscription of Kumargupta

·         Maniyar Math was a circular temple only one of its kind

·         Bhairavi wrote Kiratarjuniyam

·         Yajnavalkya Smriti was the official lawbook of the Guptas...